The Principles of Teaching Grammar
According to Nunan (2003: 158- 160),
there are three principles for teaching grammar:
a. Integrate both inductive and deductive methods into your teaching.
In
deductive classroom, the
teacher gives a grammatical explanation
or rule followed by a set of
exercises designed to clarify the grammatical point and help the learners
master the point.
In inductive teaching,
the teacher works
from principles to examples.
In inductive teaching,
the teacher presents
the learners with samples of
language and through a process of guided discovery, get them to work out
the principle of
rule for themselves.
In teaching English,
there is no better method should be used. It depends
on the grammar point being taught and the
learning style of
the students. Some
learners appear to
do learn more effectively through
a deductive approach,
others appear to
do better through
an inductive approach.
b. Use tasks that make clear the relationship between grammatical form and communicative functions.
In teaching learning process, the
teacher should present grammar in a context that makes
clear the relationship
between the grammatical
form and the communicative function.
For example, when
teaching the passive
voice, show why the passive voice
is used- to place the emphasis on the action rather than the doer, to hide the
identity of the doer, etc.
c. Focus on the development of procedural rather than declarative knowledge.
In
the field of language learning, declarative knowledge is knowing language
rules. Procedural knowledge
is being able
to use the knowledge for communication. In
teaching learning process,
the students need
to develop mastery of target
language items not by memorizing rules, but by using the target items in
communicative contexts.
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