THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH STYLE USED BY ELLEN DEGENERES IN ELLEN TALK SHOW
INTRODUCTION
Language is a tool of communication, to share ideas, information,
and knowledge from the speaker to receiver. It is divided into two forms,
spoken and written language. Spoken language is expresses idea with word and
sound, but written language is expresses idea with form of media such as pen and
paper. In this research the writer has just focus on spoken language, because in
spoken language people have their own style in communication through language
which called by speech style. In spoken language people have their own style in
communication through language that is called speech style.
Speech style has been found at several linguistic discussing
such as phonetic, dialect, pragmatic, stylistic and sociolinguistic. The focus of
this research was the writer interest about sociolinguistic. Speaker in speech
becomes a two factors that play an important roles in sociolinguistic.
Confirming the idea to the audience for influence people or someone, while
negotiate to conflict.
Sociolinguistic is a field of study which deals mostly
with language use, particularly spoken language, but not the grammatical or phonetic
structure in language. Sociolinguists do not study a language or a linguistic
variety as a closed system with no reference to speaker and social life.
Sociolinguists emphasize that language use – the sociolinguistic language system
– is always variable and heterogeneous.
According to Joos (1976), speech style means the form of
language used by the speaker which is influenced by the social factors. Speech
style of a person is different from his or her partner’s speech style because
of their status, sex, age, social distance, and occupation. The differences play
an important role when someone talks to certain person regarding the topic
discussed.
Setting or where the communication takes place also
influences the speech style. In a formal conference, it is impolite to use casual
style or slang, while using formal language in an informal situation brings the
conversation into boring situation. It means that the function of language is
not only for communication, but also for other purposes.
In line with Joos and Chaika (1982) states that some
people use language to achieve and reach an intention. Politicians use language
to influence other’s opinion, to create an agreement or support what they say
and act or perhaps to control their power. A president, for instance, uses language
in speeches to persuade and convince people, that he or she is qualified to be
the next president and what he or she asserts about some issues is true based on
his or her arguments.
In communication, there is a way to communicate with
other people. It depends on the context, in a formal setting or daily life, and
function of the speech. According to Leech (1981) style is the way in which
language is used in given context, by a given person, forgiven purpose. So, the
speaker should be appropriate to the topic discussed.
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