CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
1.
Background
English
is an international language. In facing the free market era its role will be
more seriously felt. The era is known as a mega-competition, in which
competitors have to possess the pre-requirement of being able to use English as
communication means. It is the striving for understanding all aspects of global
existence through information exchange. We cannot keep the science development
and global technology development in balance, without the mastery of English.
There are some books, some recent researchers, some new articles, some written
mass medias, and some other information in website, that are commonly presented
in English. Thus, the English mastery is more helpful to the process of
knowledge acquisition, especially in the field of education to promote its
quality.
Learning vocabulary as a foreign
language seems easy but some students feel fear. The teacher of English should
find out solution by crating efficient and effective technique of teaching in
teaching English vocabulary, besides that, the teachers should establish
condition which makes teaching vocabulary possible. The learning will occur
within reasonable period of time.
Realizing
how important the vocabulary and how difficult students to build up the
teachers of English have provided students with rich exciting exercise which
are expected to help vocabulary mush be very helpful to improve the students’
ability in English communication. Allen (1997:149) says that vocabulary is very
important in a language, when we learn a language like English; we learn the
words of language. Students must continue to learn words as they learn
structure as they practice the target language. The vocabulary is needed very
to master the four skills in English.
Through vocabulary, we convey our ideas, emotion,
and efficiently. Without mastering it, people will not be able to use English
effectively. In all language teaching, students must continually learn vocabulary
as they learn structure (Allen 1997:149).
An
important thing is due to the fact that vocabulary is one of the components of
language and that no language exists without words. Words are signs or symbols
for ideas. They are means by which people exchange their thoughts. The more
words we learn, the more ideas we should have. So we can communicate the ideas
more effectively.
Vocabulary
as one of language elements which functions not only to support the use of the
other elements of language (pronunciation, spelling, and grammar) but also to
facilitate the use of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading,
and writing). Learning vocabulary is one important matter in learning language
but it is not a simple work to do. The bad score on vocabulary found in the
students’ achievement does not mean that there are no efforts to solve the
problem. Both teachers and students have tried to apply various methods and
techniques in teaching and learning vocabulary. However, there are many factors
assumed to give influence in teaching and learning process such as students’
characteristics, materials, teachers’ character, etc.
There
are no specific rules to learn vocabulary efficiently, however, teachers may
use various methods in teaching vocabulary. Among other teaching methods is Fishbone
Method. Cleveland (2005: 38) defines the fishbone map is a bit more complex
than the cause and effect map. The fishbone map illustrates several causes that
produce a certain result.
The
process of creating fishbone diagram helps the student focus on the topic,
requires the student to review what they already know in order to organize that
knowledge, and helps the student to monitor their growing comprehension of?????????????????????
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