THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF USING JIGSAW TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
English
is dominant foreign language and functions as an international language. In
Indonesia, the use of English as the printing media has been familiar for
decades. The local and international public of tempo magazine and the Jakarta
post and some other English magazines provide evidence for such situation. The use of English
as a tool to deliver materials in those media indicates that English is
widely used in indonesia.Viewing this condition, english this adopted in the
curriculum by which big proportion of school hours given to the teaching and
learning such this language has been
regarded to anable students to have competence
in skill of English including reading, writing, speaking, and listening.
English
as a subject matter in school covers four basic language skills. They are
reading, writing, speaking and listening. In every subject, students learning
activities involve reading. Reading is one of the complex ways in learning
English. It is a kind of activity to comprehend the writers ideas or the way
the writer communicates with the
readers by way of the written or printed words (2009, www.if.ia.org.). Reading
is very important for everybody in order to cope with new knowledge,
experience, and to develop new concept and broaden hid horizon of thinking,
which are needed to ensure the containing personal growth and adapt the change
the world. As Brewton (1962:1) in Indo Tallo (2002:2) stated that much of what
you now today you have learned through your reading and much of what you will need to find out in the future
you will search for in books, magazines,
and newspaper. In connection with that, Harvey(1990) in Indo Tallo (2002:2)
stated that the purpose of reading is to inform ourselves about something we
are interesting in or challenge our knowledge on certain matters in other words
to extends our experience of the world in which we live. In order to acquire
these purpose successfully, it is expected to apply learning strategies. One
into account is using techniques in teaching reading.
Teaching
a foreign language especially English is not as easy as teaching the first
language, because it is something new for the students of Junior High School.
The students will certainly face many problems. Up to this time, we often hear
the disappointment of English teachers because of low scores of their students
in the final exam Bustami Subhan(1990) in
Anteng ria(2007). Considering the importance of reading skill, the
teacher should improve the teaching of reading comprehension. The teacher can
use some methods of teaching reading so that the students can enjoy and be
stimulated in learning EFL reading comprehension.
In indonesia, some English teacher
still uses traditional or conventional method in teaching, especially to teach
reading. Conventional method usually make student bored because is monotonous
and the students are not active, so the atmospheres of learning seem stiff. So. Efforts to improve student learning
achievement cannot be separated from the various factors that influence. In
this case, is needed creative teacher that can make learning process more
interesting and preferred by the students. Classroom atmosphere should be
planned and constructed in such a way by using appropriate learning model that
students can get a chance to interact with another.
English
teaching method is changeable. The method should be interesting and students
centered. One of the teaching methods is cooperative. Through this method,
students are active in the learning process, because the will learn more
thought a process of constructing and creating, working in a group and sharing
knowledge. Nevertheless, individual is responsibility is still key of success
in learning English
Cooperative
learning method is believed as been able to give chance for student to be
involved in discussion, has courage and critical thinking in is willing to take
responsibility of his/ her own learning. It does not mean the teacher is not
participating in classroom but in learning process, teacher has rule as
designer, facilitator, motivator, and guider in the learning process.
A cooperative
learning method has several types, namely write –pair- shared, group
investigation, STAD, TGT, TAI, and JIGSAW. One of its interesting is jigsaw
method. The jigsaw classroom is very simple to apply. Jigsaw is strategy of the
learning method which demands the students to learn on group with 4-6 members’
students who have heterogeneous ability. Each home group member meet in expert
group to study the material assigned to each member. After discussion, they go
back in to their group members and explain their discussion to his/her group
member.
Based on statement above, is concluded
that teaching reading puts the emphasis on rising students motivation so that
the teaching learning process of reading will result in better students
achievement of reading. The researcher interesting in the real implementation
of jigsaw, so the researcher conducted the research under the title “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING JIGSAW
TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION”
