STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA: A CASE STUDY

 STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA: A CASE STUDY

The Covid-19 pandemic, or coronavirus  pandemic  has been declared by World  Health Organization  in  March  2020.  As  the  data  in  the  world  indicate  the  increasement  of coverage and impacts of this contagious and lethal disease, many countries enact national emergency  state.  Indonesia  as  one  of  countries  with  high  infected  population  has  also implemented some policy reforms in many sectors. In education sector, a new policy has been regulated in teaching and learning system. The Government of Indonesia Republic through  The  Ministry  of  Education  and  Culture  has  stipulated  online  teaching  and learning processes as one panacea with executing physical distancing program to depress the pandemic outbreak. Teachers and students are regulated to conduct the teaching and learning  processes from face-to-face mode into online one (Ministry of Education and Culture, 2020).  

The  online  learning  regulation  is  in  force  to  all  education  institutions.  It  is undertaken  the  learning  from  traditionally  face-to-face  approaches  to  remotely  digital platforms. This sudden transformation has been debatable due to the quality of education resulted.  Some  previous  studies  revealed  that  the  online  learning  during  the  Covid-19 pandemic era in Indonesia has caused advantages while others has caused disadvantages. On one hand, online learning was reported beneficial for students because they had high interaction to rich learning materials regardless time and place as well as high opportunity to experience digital learning programs (Firman & Rahayu, 2020; Hidayat & Noeraida, 2020;  Simamora,  2020).  Moreover,  the  high  interaction  also  occurred  in  the  forms  of virtual communication among teachers - students, and students - students which resulted vast  capacity  of  sharing  information  and  experience  (Pakpahan  &  Fitriani,  2020; Rochman & Pertiwi, 2020). As the online teaching and learning processes used computer technology, it increased enthusiasm of both teachers and students to participate which, in turn,  increased  their  computer  skills  too  (Dasrun,  2020;  Khasanah,  Pramudibyanto,  & Widuroyekti,  2020).    On  the  other  hand,  online  learning  was  also  described  bringing disadvantages. The students claimed that online  learning has  caused them  some health problems like fatigue, headache, or fever because they had too many  assignments to do in short time. Some also declared that they had impairment eyesight due to long duration starring  at  computers  or  phones  screens.      Students  also  faced  hardship  in  financial because they had to buy big credit for online quota (Simamora, 2020). However, these advantages and disadvantages  which determined the students’ success in learning were closely related to students’ motivation in online learning during the pandemic. 

Interestingly,  both  advantages  and  disadvantages  were  influenced  by  students’ motivation.  The  motivation  regarding  online  learning  during  the  coronavirus  outbreak was  reported  contributing  inconsistent  effects  in  higher  education,  especially  in Indonesian universities. The online learning has caused lack motivation for some students to  learn  whereas  others  were  highly  motivated.  Cahyani,  Listiana,  &  Larasati  (2020), Rachmat  (2020)  and  Simamora  (2020)  in  their  study  reported  that  students  with  lack motivation were greatly affected by external factors like learning environment, learning time,  and instrumental  supports  which in  turn  affected  the  achievement.  As  the  online learning  was  conducted  from  home, many  parents  thought  they  still  could  ask  help  in doing  households  from  their  children  in  their  online  learning  time.  Improper  internet connection and gadgets to access the distance learning were also caused frustration. On the contrary, Fitriyani, Fauzi, & Sari (2020) and Simamora (2020) argued that intrinsic factors  highly  motivated  university  students  in  online  learning.  The  enthusiasm  and ambition to understand and add new knowledge have driven them to study hard even via online. In addition, resilience and psychological condition also  favorably assisted them to have success online learning.  

Having  interesting  facts  regarding  inconsistency  effects  of  motivation  in  online learning  during  the  Covid-19  pandemic  era  in  higher  education  context,  this  study  is intended to know the motivation of students in higher vocational institution/polytechnics, in  this  case  students  of  English  Department  (ED)  toward their  online learning.  Therefore, this study is trying to  reveal the answer of the following question: what are the students’ motivation in ED at Polsri in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic era?

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