Psychological Approach in Literature

  1. Psychological Approach in Literature

Literature is a vague term which usually denotes works which belong to the major genres: epic, drama, lyric, novel, short story, ode. If we describe something as literature as opposed to anything else, the term carries with it qualitative connotations which imply that the work in question has superior qualities: that is well above the ordinary run of written works” Minderop, 2010:76)

The importance of studying literature is to improve pronunciation, vocabulary, knowledge, the four language skills, to have self-confidence, learning the culture of other nation, building our character, for appreciating the literary, and for having entertainment.

As stated above psychology is a vast field; it grows wider every time, psychology was firstly believed as the clinical theories, now might come to the field of life, such as industry, law, education, and literature Psychology is best defined as the "scientific study of behavior in humans and animals." Behavior is what people and animals do: e.g., what a person says about last night's dream, and how long it takes a rat to run a maze.

Wellek and Warren (1977) believe that the discussion of psychology comes to literature through some ways. The first way is though the making of the literary works, second, through psychology study to the author’s life. The third way, the psychology comes to literature through the psychology theories that are applied in literary works. The last way is the influence of literary works to its readers. Sometimes the  novelist can teach us more about human nature and the psychologist with all of his imagination stated in words. The author is freely showing his ideas based on the psychology theory on his idea based on the psychology theory on his works as the picture of what is going on around the people, and based on the deep consideration of human.

The relation of psychoanalysis and literature can be seen from different angles. Fellman (as cited by Green, 1996) explains that we normally tend to se psychoanalysis as the active practice performed upon the passive text. While literature is considered as  a body of language-to be interpreted-psychoanalysis is considered  as a body of knowledge, whose competence is called upon to interpret. Psychoanalysis, in other words, occupies the place of a subject, literature that an object.

Endraswara (2011 : p. 96) Psychology literature is literary study who looked at the work of as psychological activity. Author will use copyright , a sense of , and work in work .This is also the reader , in response to the work of also will not be separated from each psychological. Even , as sociology reflection , psychology literature also know of a literary work as the reflection of psychiatric. Author it will catch symptoms soul of sports later in into a text and in complete with his psychological. Projection their own experiences and experience of life around author , are illustrated in imaginary into a text literature.

Soleymani et al (2009: 239) Psychologists represent as a emotions or feelings in an n-dimensional space (generally 2- or 3-dimensional). Psychology comes to literature through some ways. The first way is though the making of the literary works, second, through psychology study to the author’s life. The third way, the psychology comes to literature through the psychology theories that are applied in literary works. The last way is the influence of literary works to its readers.

Frequently the expression psychological explanation is used as a catch-all term denoting any attempt to understand phenomena related to intelligent behavior. The philosophy of psychology would benefit from a more precise analytical conception of what constitutes explanation in psychology (Calvo & Symons 2010: 1).

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