Kinds and Procedure of Self Talk Strategy (STS)
a. Kinds of Self Talk Strategy (STS)
Kahrović et al (2014: 53) Having a
conversation with oneself
(self-talk) can be
divided into two
basic groups: positive and
negative.
1)
Positive self-talk refers to the
positive statements that enhance and
improve self-esteem and
motivation and help
to concentrate more effectively
on the current task and not on the mistakes made in the past. The examples of
positive self-talk phrases are the following ones: “I can surely do it”, “I am
quite ready, I will do my best”.
2)
Negative self-talk includes
statements in the
form of criticism
that produces increased
anxiety, lower self-efficacy and lower performances. Such
examples include: “There is no possible way I can do this”, “I am so bad, I
will certainly fail”.
In
addition, self-talk can
have two main functions
in the conversations
with oneself, an
instructional and motivational
one
b. The Procedure of Self talk Strategy
Haddoune (2006: 10) self talk
strategies that aim
basically at reducing from
the anxiety one
might face during the learning process. Self-talk is a developmentally
appropriate strategy children can use to help themselves listen, follow
directions, and stay on task. Over time, self-talk typically becomes
internalized and is no longer spoken out loud. However, whether out loud or
silent, self-talk can be a powerful tool to help students remember directions
and focus and guide their efforts.
Recap (2004: 1) An important
strategy for success is to develop an understanding of the way that our
attitudes and thoughts influence for better or worse our feelings and behavior.
When students learn to recognize the negative and irrational attitudes that
lead to self-defeating behaviors, they can change them to more positive and
rational attitudes through positive self-talk. By thinking about and
challenging the messages that they are giving themselves and substituting
positive messages for those that are negative, students can develop the
self-confidence to overcome obstacles to success. The procedure of Self Talk
Strategy (STS) as follows:
1) Teacher
briefly introduces the meaning of self-confidence to the class.
2) In
small groups, students brainstorm a range of skills and activities that require
confidence and an acceptance of mistake before success (playing an instrument,
bike riding, skate boarding) on butchers’ paper. Each group then posts its list
on the wall for a whole-class discussion.
3) Teacher
facilitates a brief, whole-class discussion on each group’s list, and links the
skills listed with academic achievements.
4) Teacher
facilitates a whole-class discussion on the notion of positive self-talk,
explaining the difference between positive and negative self-talk and the
effects of each.
5) Students
individually complete the ‘Making it happen’ worksheet.
6) In
small groups, students complete the ‘Nothing ventured, nothing gained’
worksheet. Students should discuss the importance of taking risks and being
prepared to make mistakes.
7) Using
the ‘Being a “Yes” person’ sheets, the teacher facilitates a whole-class
discussion of the meanings and key concepts of a person’s ‘inner’ and ‘outer’
worlds.
8) In
pairs, students work out from their response on the ‘Being a “Yes” person’
sheet whether they are ‘Yes’, ‘No’, or ‘I don’t know’ type people.
