Concept of Procedure
Text
The text classification may differ from one theory
to another. Based on generic structure and language feature dominantly used,
English texts are divided into 13 types. They are narrative, recount,
descriptive, report, explanation, analytical exposition, hortatory exposition,
procedure, discussion, review, anecdote, spoof, and news item. Descriptive text
is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to
describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.
1. Definition
of Procedure Text
Anderson (1997:50) Procedure text is a piece of text
that gives us instructions for doing something.
The purpose is to explain how something can be done. Procedure is a
piece of text that describes how something is accomplished through a sequence
of actions or steps.
2. Social
Function of Procedure Text
Especially, the social function of Procedure Text is
to tell someone how to do something or how to make something and how to operate
something.
3. Generic
Structure of Procedure Text
According
to Swales (1990:42),
“structure of texts
is a device that supports
communicative purpose” Some with other text type, procedure text also has
generic structure according to communicative
purpose of the
text itself. However there are certain similarities within
the texts with the same purpose. The similarities create an expectation of the
general schematic structure of the text that is called generic structure of a
text.
The
generic structure of
procedure text also
called as constructing a
procedure text. Constructing itself comes from the verb
“construct”, which has meaning: to build something, to put or fit something
together, to form together. Both of
them have same meaning, there
are three generic
structure of procedure text, they
are:
a.
An Introductory statement that gives the
aim or goal.
b.
A
list of the
materials that will
be needed for completing the procedure
(not required for
all procedural texts).
c. A sequence of steps in the order they need to be done, because goal followed by a series of steps oriented to achieving the goal.
4. Significant
Lexicogrammatical Features
Besides
having social function
and generic structure, procedure text
also has significant
lexicogrammatical features that
support the form of a procedure text. They are:
a.
Simple Present Tense, especially
imperative form
Eventually, procedure
text has the
social function is to
tell someone to
do something. So, the instruction here is used by
imperative verb in present tense. For examples get, chop, cut, stir, add, boil,
grind, etc.
b.
Connective of sequence
Sometimes, that is not enough to make a good
instruction just using imperative form of present tense. But, to make it better
and easy to follow, we need the word like as then, after that, next, finally,
etc. These are called comparative
sequence.
c.
Numbering
The function of numbering here is same as
comparative of sequence. It will be
needed if the writer wants to show some variant of sequence, for examples:
first, second, third, fourth and etc.
from an example
above, everybody know
how to write procedure text.
First, they must write a goal.
Second, they write
a list of materials
that will be
needed for completing
the procedure, such as
kind of ingredients
and utensils. And the
last, they need steps
to achieve the
goal with the
purpose: to tell
the making process of a cheese
omelet to the reader.
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