NOUN PHRASE CONSTRUCTION FOUND IN REPORT GENRES IN FIRST YEAR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ TEXTBOOKS


CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study
Language is something that is used  for communicating in spoken and written. According to Ramelan (2003: 1), “Man speaks a language as a means of communication with other people, as tool to express his ideas and wishes. Without language it is hard to imagine how people can cooperate and get along with another”. One of the languages in the world is English. English is one of the most important languages.
There are some reasons why English is really considered very important and has to be taught in Indonesia. First, as a developing country, Indonesia has to cooperate with other countries to carry about the development in all fields. In this position, English is really needed since it  is used as an International language. Second, Indonesia has to mastery English as an international language because in science and technology developments the  information Indonesia cannot work alone. Here, English is used as a tool to understand and develop the information of science and technology progress.    
Knowing that the advantages of English for the development, our government always makes effort to improve the quality of the English teaching in Indonesia by stressing and taking it as a compulsory subject to be taught to the Junior High School and Senior High School. Our government stated in Content of Standard for English subject that is that English is a tool for communicating in spoken and written. Communicating is to understand and give information, thought, and feeling and develop the knowledge, technology and culture.
There is difference between spoken and written language. Written language is more complex than spoken language, because it needs correctness of grammar, content of words (lexical items), and also punctuation. Halliday (1985: 61) stated that written language displays much higher ratio of lexical items to total running words. If we often use written language, it means that  we use a lot of lexical items. Halliday(1985: 64) also explained that the number of lexical items as a proportion of thenumber of running words is called lexical density.
In English it self there are four skills and four components, which have to be mastered. The skills, they are listening, speaking, reading, and writing and the components consist of phonology, grammar (structure), vocabulary, and fluency, which are different with our native language. There are no certain directions as how grammar must be taught or learnt. The role of grammar is in part due to changing attitude toward the language it self that make them find difficulties to remember the grammar rules (Veit, 1986: 249). As we know that there are many subjects covered in grammar study, the writer limit the discussion into syntax, which is still, has a very close relationship with grammar. 
Syntax is the study of words are put together (Veit, 1986: 6). Based on that statement, syntax discuses the relation of words to other in  phrases, clauses, and sentences. It is stated above that one  of the language components is????????

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